Background. Today, People Are Engaging In E-Commerce More

Background Today, people are engaging in e-commerce more than ever. Traditionally American consumers shopped exclusively in local businesses and specialty mom and pop stores. These stores are essentially smaller, independently owned and operated businesses that have little influence on the market. Small businesses occupy several areas of business including retail, services, wholesaling and manufacturing. The growing acceptance of the Internet and e-commerce in the early 1990’s changed the way people shopped, shifting consumer preference from traditional to online shopping. With the introduction of personal electronic devices and more readily available wireless internet, Amazon’s customer membership continues to grow. As online retailers†¦show more content†¦It also includes purchasing customer platforms to accelerate the company’s market penetration (Treanor, 2010). Together, these two strategies allow Amazon to fulfill its online customer demands by cutting out th e middleman and passing the savings on to its customers. Impact on Business in the Past, Present and Future In the past, Amazon’s business model focused solely on selling books in the global marketplace. Since its establishment, Amazon has acquired numerous new investments including companies such as Audible.com and BookSurge LLC. These large investments eventually secured the company’s top position as the leading e-commerce platform in the United States (Treanor, 2010). In the early days of the Internet, traditional shopping at local businesses were still the most popular choice among consumers. In 1998, e-commerce sales only accounted for 0.25% of total retail sales (Lee, Paswan, Ganesh Xavier, 2009). In the early 1990’s shopping conditions among local businesses were favorable and specialty mom and pop stores were preferred for their hands-on customer service experience. Internet shopping was still regarded by many as being unsafe and in personable, but in the coming years this viewpoint began to shift. By the mid 2000’s, e-commerce had less of societal stig ma and became a standard way of shopping for many Americans (Treanor, 2010). Today, there is a visible decline in the numberShow MoreRelatedHow Technology Has Changed The World Of Retailing1487 Words   |  6 PagesToday, we’ll be looking at one of the major trends in the world – technology and how it’s technological advancements have change the world of retailing especially in the apparel industry, thus we will be looking at New Look. One of the major trends affecting the retailing industry is the increase in the number of people who prefer shopping for apparel on the Internet from the comfort of their home rather than a tradition brick and mortar store. 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October 2012 Assessment Code: RWT1 Date: October 21, 2012 Table of Contents Cover page†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.1 Table of contents†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.2 Executive Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreUnderstanding Of The Digital Economy A Dilemma Of New Zealand Corporate Executives Essay3623 Words   |  15 Pagesthat significant efforts will be made to improve New Zealand’s overall percentage performance to around 82% in the next 3to 5 years. The study also introduced a new e-commerce business model in the social media digital age being the â€Å"everyone-to-everyone† or e2e economy. What makes it different from the two major types of e-business (Xu Quaddus, 2010) being business-to-business (B2B) and business-to-consumer (B2C) that we have come to know of is the creation of business ecosystems that focuses

Computer Science Department At George Washington University

Over the past few years, hackers have made numerous shadowy attacks to remain undetected throughout companies crippled security in effort for them to build a stronger protection platform. In 2013, hackers breached and disabled multiple sections of the electric grid in the United States. This mayhem unleashed was simulated but it warned the government to take action on the growing threats of cyberattacks and they did so. Bryn Nelson (2014) confirms a problem as he uses experts like president Obama who stated that cyberattacks were called one of the most serious economic and national security challenges that the United States faces in today’s world (p. 517). If different web platforms don’t take action, then it would be very catastrophic for†¦show more content†¦Externally, hackers gather information for their own personal gain and to pose a great threat from outside of the business or person’s home because they can find access into the system a lot easier with new advanced technology. Over time, computer hacking has grown into something that is essentially a worldwide problem in countries like North Korea, Russia, the United States, and China that is. Overall, some of these countries are trying to eliminate and capture hackers and produce a stronger, more secure-based program for all of the computer platforms. By taking these hackers off the market it can control the large amount of hackers that are roaming around the internet looking for an open system to invade and get information from. In other words, people throughout the world can claim that hackers that hack people and businesses are doing the world justice by exploiting what they are hiding from the public. That’s false. The fact is, that people and businesses do it so they can have a form of privacy outside of just printing and storing some documents that could end up getting lost. People and businesses aren’t practicing safe habits by using unbreachable security systems. This is one of many different reasons hackers have an upper hand when it comes to entering their systems. No matter how safe they think they are, they really aren’t with the lack of coding for different platforms or just overall protection.

Process of Decision Making Organizational Buying Behavior

Question: Discuss about the Process of Decision Making Organizational Buying Behavior. Answer: Introduction Organizational buying behavior refers to the process of decision-making in which the organizations establish the need for purchased products and services. The organizations further identify, evaluate and select among alternative brands from the available suppliers (Webster Wind, 2014). The concept is similar to the customer buying behavior with some contextual differences. A few factors that influence business buyers are the macro-environmental factors, interpersonal factors, organizational factors and individual factors (Swani, Brown, Milne, 2014). The aim of this paper is to conduct a secondary research of organizations. The major trends followed by the companies affecting business-to-business (B2B) purchases have been assessed in this study. Figure 1: Organizational Buying Process Source: (Webster Wind, 2014) Trends in Buying Behaviors of Organizations A few trends have been in progress for the B2B buyers. The businesses are increasingly adapting to new channels and technologies to solve critical issues. The users shall have a stronger voice in purchase decision (Swani, Brown, Milne, 2014). The businesses may create a crowd source means of narrowing the potential vendors and solutions. As the purchasing power increases, the buyers are seeking quality sales. After the businesses collect information, they also watch for sales interactions to be brought in earlier into buying processes (Aarikka-Stenroos Jaakkola, 2012). The businesses are also pushing back on content and information overload. The businesses consider the overload as drawbacks to buying behavior. They are concerned about productivity drain in the process. There is a need for more delegation while searching information for products, solutions and services (Lilien, 2016). The businesses are watching for companies who are looking to streamline purchasing with minimal waste. They are identifying best practices at the right value, with the appropriate materials required to operate businesses (Gomes, Fernandes, Brando, 2016). The business models are increasingly adopting technologies such as cloud-based applications. These help in changing the mindset of buyers. The businesses are also seeking lower cost entry into solutions and shifting their focus from large single investment to lower cost. The businesses prefer rental or subscription models (Sashi, 2012). There has been a significant rise in the millennial buyers in B2B process. Their first priority is to have ease in doing business. Their next priority is to have the willingness to work collaboratively with the organizations. Moreover, they look for industry and marketplace expertise (Moncrief, Marshall, Rudd, 2015). Impact on Business-to-Business Purchases One of the critical issues faced by the above organizations while working in a B2B environment is that it must be difficult for the vendors to establish members of different industries. Handshake is a famous organization that has a B2B model that develops software for companies. A few of its customers are Roland, Vega, Starkey and Silhouette. Handshake eliminates costs with manual ordering methods and legacy solutions. They also provide mobile apps and ecommerce websites (Handshake.com, 2016). It is analyzed that the consumers are seldom aware of the business-to-business brands and companies (Webster Wind, 2014). Cisco, an American multinational corporation technology that designs and sells networking equipment globally, has a B2B platform. Cisco enables its customer experience by enabling B2B electronic interactions with the largest channel partners, parts suppliers and logistics provider. They offer solutions that automate business processes such as ordering, configuring and invoicing between Cisco and the partners. The reason behind Ciscos B2B solutions is the ease of doing business. The costs can be lowered while improving productivity and lowering cycle times (Cisco.com, 2016). It can be interpreted that these markets involve few greater clients than that of consumer market (Webster Wind, 2014). It is observed that Tetra Pak invests beyond consumer insights. It offers the best packaging solutions to the food and beverage companies. It also helps in sustaining the most perishable and tasty food without refrigeration for months. Therefore, it is assessed that Tetra Pak offers solutions to the businesses that help them in satisfying customers (Tetrapak.com, 2016). The relationship between B2B is geographically restricted and there is oligopolistic competition. Moreover, the marketing is usually short and more direct. The relationship between buyer and seller is established on a long-term basis (Webster Wind, 2014). Recommendations All the above organizations focus on long-term buyer seller relationship as one of the most influential factors for the purchasing behavior. The organizations can avoid uncertainty and create long-term contracts. The organizations can make both financial and emotional investment with the buyers so that the marketing strategies can be effectively implemented. Several steps can be followed for ensuring marketing success in B2B buying behavior process. Firstly, the businesses must understand its target audience. The businesses need to think beyond specific buyers as the information can be forwarded via social media. The marketing content must be created in a manner that the audience wants. The content must be transformed in a way that is easy to understand. Every organization needs to shift to technological trends. As the millennial focus on getting the business processes easier, innovations can be made for providing ease to the buyers. The impact of social media is greatly affecting th e B2B sector. The social media tactics can be used to engage with the buyers. Marketing campaigns can be designed and promoted on the social media as it is the most popular trend for promotion. The research can be conducted by the customers using direct phone calls and the internet. A user-friendly approach must be adopted based on the feedback provided. The customer behavior can also be analyzed. Conclusion Conclusively, the organization buying behavior is influenced by the marketing strategies followed by businesses. According to the trends, it is observed that the organizations need to focus on internet and content marketing strategy. A few factors that influence business buyers are the macro-environmental factors, interpersonal factors, organizational factors and individual factors. The businesses are seeking companies who are looking to streamline purchasing with minimal waste. The millennial expect to carry on their businesses with ease due to which they prefer business-to-business model. The businesses need to think beyond specific buyers as the information can be forwarded via social media. References Aarikka-Stenroos, L. Jaakkola, E. (2012). Value co-creation in knowledge intensive business services: A dyadic perspective on the joint problem solving process.Industrial Marketing Management,41(1), 15-26. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2011.11.008 Cisco.com,. (2016).Enterprise B2B.Cisco. Retrieved 18 August 2016, from https://www.cisco.com/web/ordering/b2b/index.html Gomes, M., Fernandes, T., Brando, A. (2016). Determinants of brand relevance in a B2B service purchasing context.Jnl Of Bus Indus Marketing,31(2), 193-204. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbim-08-2014-0151 Handshake.com,. (2016).Handshake | B2B Commerce Platform.Handshake.com. Retrieved 18 August 2016, from https://www.handshake.com/ Lilien, G. (2016). The B2B Knowledge Gap.International Journal Of Research In Marketing. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2016.01.003 Moncrief, W., Marshall, G., Rudd, J. (2015). Social media and related technology: Drivers of change in managing the contemporary sales force.Business Horizons,58(1), 45-55. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2014.09.009 Sashi, C. (2012). Customer engagement, buyer seller relationships, and social media.Management Decision,50(2), 253-272. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00251741211203551 Swani, K., Brown, B., Milne, G. (2014). Should tweets differ for B2B and B2C? An analysis of Fortune 500 companies' Twitter communications.Industrial Marketing Management,43(5), 873-881. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2014.04.012 Tetrapak.com,. (2016).Tetra Pak processing and packaging solutions for food and beverages.Tetrapak.com. Retrieved 18 August 2016, from https://www.tetrapak.com/ Webster, F. Wind, Y. (2014).Organizational buying behavior. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.

Feasibility Study On Franchising & Small Business

Questions: 1. Identify an existing independently-operated business (i.e. one that is currently not a franchise organisation) which appears to have the potential to be franchised in order to facilitate future expansion. The organisation you choose must be a real business. It may be located in Australia or internationally. Prepare a report on the feasibility of franchising this organisation. 2. Ideally you will need access to some general information about the business, such as its history and marketing mix (product or service, pricing strategy, promotion and distribution methods). It is best to select a business that is easy to observe or to which the owners have granted you access. Answers: Introduction: Options of Franchises open new opportunities for the business. It is one of the ways in which the expansion in the business can take place. However it should be taken into account whether the business franchise will bring the necessary benefits for the business and what would be the cost of taking that step. The feasibility study counters the risks that are there in these sorts of agreement. Another thing to be noted is the fact that the law and necessary medium through which the business can be expanded should be taken into account. It should be also be taken care that the problems in relation to the accountability is pretty critical to be understood. The purpose this feasibility is to identify a business that has not been franchised yet and research on whether it can be franchised or not. Due to limitation of time the research was only conducted from secondary information rather than primary information. The rules governing the business, SWOT analysis, will be conducted. This will be benefitting the overall feasibility of the report. It will also pave way to open more research on the subject of franchise. Conducting primary research would have given a much accurate representation of business. Research was conducted from a broad range of secondary information such as Internet, books, government database, report from private market research etc. There are a few limitations that may have an effect in concluding accurate recommendations about the business. The limitations include the liability of data collected from secondary source, the environment at the time of data collection and how old the data is form the period the feasibility was conducted. The business chosen for the feasibility was a falafel business named Falafel express- Hummus and Falafel Bar. This is one of the leading brands operating in 18 countries. The market share of the Falafel experiences a serious stress due to the increased competition and health consciousness and this report aims at the r ecommendation of few feasibility options for Falafel one such is franchising (Zomato 2013). This restaurant presents variety of cuisines and has wide network in major countries like US, UK, Australia, and India etc. It basically serves Mediterranean and east Mediterranean as well as Lebanese meals. If the strategies are reframed that will definitely be beneficial for the business. Therefore the focus will be on the nitigrities of the business and the things associated with the same. History of business: An interview was conducted with the business owner regarding the feasibility to gain significant information about the business. The sections below contain an explained version of the answers that was given by the owner. The business is a start-up business. Two friends who have been known each other for 15 years own the business under partnership. They have about four casual staff and work themselves to have full control on business. Working yourselves in business is very important to have a successful business. It can help owner understand it customer base and then improve business accordingly. The location of business was chosen after determining a numbers of factors; include personal preference, competitors, transport service availability and globalisation. After determining all the factors mention above the owner choose Surfers Paradise, which is one of the most visited places in Australia and attracts more than 12 million tourists annually (Gold coast city council). The place have transport service available, there is no other business that is selling similar products nearby and is visited by a number of tourist from gulf and south east Asia. They have very cultural base thinking especially when it comes to food. This could be an advantage for the business as it sells a variety of vegetarian and halal foods, which most people from these backgrounds prefer due to cultural heritage. The business sells a variety of vegetarian food, specialist in falafel. The food in menu includes falafel pocket, falafel balls, falafel plate and falafel salad with a combo option of chips and hummus. The product is freshly made in the shop daily to keep their product healthy. They food is also gluten free and vegan which could be an advantage as there are no other shops around the business that sell vegan food. The business is on start up stage and is only six weeks old. The business intends to get its product and services out to end customer through corporate owned outlets. There is only one outlet so far which is in Surfers Paradise but the owner is planning to build more outlets so he can reach as much customer as possible. This will not only improve his reach but will also benefit to grow the business in an organic manner. Owner is promoting business through varies promotional methods like radio, social media, website, business cards, personal canvassing, billboard, pamphlets and through hotels by giving a certain discount to a particular hotel customers and staff. The promotional method was selected which reflect the target market and business product / services. The pricing strategy that the owner selected was based on varies fixed and variable cost that the business deals with. The owner did a market research based on the product that the business was selling and also looked at his personal goals about the business. The prices that the owner selected were similar to any other competitors price bearing in mind that in case of any competition he has enough room to beat his competitors price. The pricing strategy that the owner used to promote his business was promotional discounts. Promotional discount is a discount on a product for a specific period of time (Govt. of WA). Promotional discount is a good strategy for a start-up business to pull customers and increase its maker share in the industry, which will lead to huge profits for the owner in coming years. Market Analysis: Globally, fast food industry has grown in last five years to 55.1 billion USD which is also reflected in the Australia. Fast food industry plays an important role in the Australian society and is a major contributor to the national economy.The Australian fast food industry is made up of approximately 39,584 establishments and 24,734 businesses, many of which are small businesses. It employs over 300,000 employees. In 2012 2013, it generated $15.8 billion in revenue. McDonalds alone has an estimated economic contribution equivalent to 0.2% of Australias gross domestic product and employs over 90,000 Australians. On average Australians eat fast food at least once a week (FSA 2014). Although the industry caters the Australians, the growth of the industry is dramatically affected by the consumer food awareness and health consciousness. The industry has forecasted approximately 1.2% of growth in forthcoming decade. They also expect an increase in Australian GDP to 2.7% (IBIS 2014). Though the matter of fact regarding huge health awareness among Aussies, the growth is also hampered by weaker revenue gain and potent competition from global and local players of fast food industry of Australia (IBIS 2014) is also devastating the business. SWOT Analysis Strengths Strong customer value (Market Research 2014). Customer values increases the potential of repurchase of the products and the market share is helped a great deal. Customer values means that business also benefits in regards to the word of mouth. Increased customer preferences. The customer gives more preference to the product as the same is popular and presents great value to the customers. Variety of dishes at low cost (Emily 2010). The company offers large products to customers this means that the customer is benefitted by the variety of the products. Cheap price in the market (Food Centre 2014). This means that the affordability of the customers increases as the products are at lower costs. This also mitigates the competition in the business. A product that has got high value and has lower prices is purchased by the customers. Weakness Lack of proper advertisement and campaigning Untrustworthy suppliers for Falafel (FSA 2014) Lack of consumer awareness Lack of skilled labour (Small Business 2014) Less staff retention rate Lack of potential marketing efforts Opportunities Increased demand for low fat diet among Australians Home delivery and combo plans New or innovative products which reduces the fat and carbohydrates Increased demand for low fat diet. Threats Saturated fast food markets all over the world Increased health consciousness (Simmons et al 2005) Negative publicity about fast foods by many NGOs and health organisations Local competition is strong Increasing craze for global players such as subway, KFC, McDonalds etc (Siwik et al 2006) Suitability for franchising: In the fast paced hustle and bustling work life, quick service restaurants render a great help to many people. Australia has a very massive fast food industry and also CAGR has estimated a dramatic increase in 3.6% of revenue gained via fast food industries to the nation. The current trend of franchising the fast food industry has been commenced in the middle of 1930s (Lowell 2014). Basically, franchising usually targets on the increased volume, less cost of production and rapid production from the restaurant. Generally, the food served is preheated or precooked and for kiosks or stands, the food are shipped or transported from one central location to another location. One of the greatest challenges in fast food industry is the stress over the profit margin. Public awareness over body mass indexing and high fat diet has devastated the business. Franchising structure Falafel can go for multi tier franchising. This involves formation of one or more unit and establishing relationship between two or more firms. This might suit for the Falafel since this option can be greatly helpful for creating huge opportunity, also money and other human resources are easily available from the franchisee which reduces the cost of operation. Another important benefit is risk sharing, the risk shall be easily managed by combining the skills and knowledge of all franchisees in the multi tier unit (MSA 2014). There is an option for consulting with individuals who share the interest in the business which will pave way for the growth and expansion of Falafel express since there is an extra source for business ideas. Rapid cash inflow can be achieved since profit arrives from multiple units. Multi-tier franchising may increase the domestic credibility for the business. Business franchisors can get a crystal clear picture about the demands and competitiveness and extra skills and resources are greatly available for managing those competitiveness. Growth Growth is rapid when a business goes for multitier approach of franchising. Since area development seeds for the principle actor in fast food business and provides the competitive advantage over other domestic and global rivals. This option draws many consumers as well as investors besides providing a brand image. Falafel gets less risk both in terms of finance and administration of the business. Both needs to be cross verified in terms of the franchise business. Also area development encourages the coordinated development of the business and all franchisors. Only sub franchising is not permitted in this type but entire rights are offered to the franchisor which paves rapid cash inflow (MSA 2013). Support services There are numerous supporting services in Australia in order to support the franchising such as iHR, franchise council of Australia. Franchise brokering, setting a proper fees structure, consulting and setting a justifiable rates than the competitors can be easily done by such supporting agencies which will promote the business (MSA 2014). Franchise fees and costs There are numerous types of franchisee fees, cost of operation and penalties etc. Also a franchisee must agree to pay cooperative fund which is not revenue to the franchisor (Lowell 2014). Franchisee fees should be cross checked and the same should be able to match with the organizational plan. They are as follows: (Lowell 2014). Initial fees, one time fees, continuing fees, advertising and marketing fees and measurement of profits whether direct or indirect. (Lowell 2014). All this fees form the part of the Franchisee plan. Verification is important so that the contingency in regards to the risks should be mitigated. Communication systems Communication plays a vital role for franchisor franchisee relationship. Effective communication means that the stakeholders interest and the risks should be clarified. This removes the chances of any tussle afterwards that can sometimes relate to the end of franchisee agreement. Regional and provincial level meetings may be effective way of communication to share the profit, turnover and also share the business ideas and to update brand image, evaluate or assess the progress of the business, predict the returns and profits of business in future, resolving the issues and disputes. E-mail and Skype communication will help greatly and sustain the franchisee-franchisor relationship. This benefit to increase the relationships that are otherwise hampered by the franchisee-franchisor sitting far behind. Social mediums connect people from anywhere and therefore the business can be built upon. The other benefit of social networking is that communication can be made anytime anywhere. There i s no boundation of the people present in the same place. Town hall meetings are another best way besides e-mail and telephonic communication with franchisor, face to face meetings may greatly help to communicate on common goals of the business. Chamber of commerce events and carnivals also business meets bi annually or monthly will support the franchisor franchisee relationship greatly (Lowell 2014). This means that the relationships are benefitted by the use of technology and also in a same way by the use of social networking. The product becomes more popular and the same increases the competitive edge of the company. Personal network communication is generally the acquaintances the franchise firms and its administrative band have in their personal-business address books. If somebody possibly will discover an approach to put these people together, make available them the precise communication and facilitate the search the possibility of working together, he may well generate a strong competitive advantage for the firm. The greatest issue in this area is the association of the business partners who works combining. The further stretchy work milieu fashioned by the franchisor, the additional probability of triumph below this model. The input is habitually communicating the spreading out dream with others or franchisees who share the common interest in flattering part of the business expansion story, expecting problems of these groups and identifying solutions to make it happen (MSA 2013). Legal aspects of franchising Franchising is generally governed by federal and state laws in Australia, besides being good relationship, one of the crucial factors for success. Accountability on the part of both the people should be determined. And the law states the same. The Franchisor-Franchisee relationship is benefitted from the law governing the business. The legal aspects are that both the parties must be crystal clear in term of franchisee relationship, fees structure of franchising. The territories, rights and other obligations of franchising, payment methods for money transfer, also the risk sharing for development, training of staffs and also advertising. These things should be clear before hand, and even before the person enters into a agreement with the other party. The rules and responsibilities of the franchisor and franchisee must be clearly mentioned in the franchisee agreement. According to the federal law, a franchisor cannot sell a franchisee of specific area until the closure of term of franc hising. Conclusion and Recommendation The main issue is whether the Falafel which is a fast food restaurant can go for franchising for the business development. Upon analysing the market growth and prediction of fast food industry in the Australia, throws light on the development of industry. Although there prevails a strong competition from global players such as McDonalds, KFC, Pizza Hut etc and also few local players contribute to the significant decline in the sales of Falafel. Multi-tier franchising may be best option for the Falafel for the expansion and also it may provide the option for sustaining in the current competitive market. Multi-level franchising shares the business threat, competition, shares the risk. Also, it paves an ideal way for rapid profit, cash inflow and creates brand image and consumer awareness. The rules and responsibilities of the franchisor and franchisee must be clearly mentioned in the franchisee agreement. The only disadvantage of going for multi level franchising is losing the control over the business. This can be avoided by good communication and weekly meetings. A large number of fast food restaurant businesses fail rapidly due to the proper business strategy. Franchising is a kind of division of labour which is cost effective way to achieve profit without spending large time and investment on the training employees. Also, it is a very convenient way to achieve and create niche market. Fast food always looks for easiest home delivery strategies in order to gain competitive edge and franchising in a multitier expands the restaurant and also quick home delivery for increasing brand value. So, this report strongly recommends the multilevel franchising for Falafel operation which might increase the sales and revenue in the Australian market. Reference: 2013. Which Franchising Structure Fits Your System? Available Online: 2014. Pricing Of Franchises: How to Charge For Fees, Area Development Fees, Etc Establishing Service and Continuing Other Fees, Available Online: 2014. Fast Food Services in Australia: Market Research Report, Available Online: 2014. Fast Food in Australia, Available Online: 2011. Research and Markets: 2015. Fast Food Industry Analysis 2015 - Cost Trends, Available Online: 2012. Australian foodservice market to grow, Available Online: 2013. Falafel express. Available Online:

Report on Value Chain Management

Introduction This paper aims to discuss such topic as quality and performance management, and particularly its relevance to the concept of value chain. Furthermore, it is necessary to explain how the increasing customer focus and business process perspective influence these fields of management and how the tasks of quality and performance managers have changed over recent years.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Report on Value Chain Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More We also need to show this theoretical knowledge can avail modern organizations in developing new business strategies. This topic has been selected for the discussion because it manifests itself practically in every element of the value chain that consists of inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing, and sales (Porter, 1998, p 86). Moreover, the idea of value chain is applicable to various kinds of businesses, either manuf acturers of goods or providers of services. Overall, the findings of this report can better explain the problems, faced by present-day companies, for example, the inability to understand the customers’ perceptions of the product and his/her requirements. Finally, this paper will demonstrate that Porter’s model of value chain must not be taken as some step-by-step instructions; more likely, it is a generic description of the businesses process within and outside the company. In many cases, the mechanism of value creation has to be designed specifically for the needs of a certain company. The importance of performance and quality management for value chain In this section of the paper, we should first define the notion of value chain, as it is crucial for our understanding of various organizational processes. It was introduced by Michal Porter, who viewed it a series of activities through which the company adds extra value to their products and services (1998, p 36). Val ue chain shapes the pricing policies of the company. Thing is that the majority of modern businesses, estimate the price of the goods not only on the basis of production or labor costs. As a rule, they try to take into account the perceived value of the product, in other words, the amount of money, which the customer is ready to pay for it. The critical issue is that in many cases there is a great difference between the actual cost of production (procurement of raw materials, employees’ wages, transportation and so forth) and the perceived value (Graph, 2001, p 204). It should be pointed out that the idea of value chain value is applicable to both goods and services (Graph, 2001, p 204). In other words, those organizations that render financial, educational, or healthcare services to the customers should also consider the idea of value chain.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case, the value chain will comprise such elements as the design of service, knowledge management (identification of customer needs and expectations), the actual delivery of services, and competition (Gabriel, n.d. p 11). Thus, it will not resemble the model, which was introduced by Michael Porter, and in point of fact, it is not supposed to do it. While estimating the price for the product, the management tries to take into account those properties of the product that are of the greatest importance for the customer, for instance, the serviceable life of the product, its design, its reliability, functionality and so forth. While discussion service sector, we may point out such value-adding elements as politeness of the employees, their willingness to pay attention to the customers’ needs, their expertise, their timing and so forth (Brotherton, 2003, p 19). On the whole, these examples indicate that quality and performance management are indispensible components for the functioning of value chain. The next section of the paper will show how these elements interact with one another. Another issue, which we need to clarify in this section, is the difference between quality management and performance management. To some extent, they can be regarded as the part and the whole. For a very long time, the term performance has been used to refer to some numerical characteristics such as the sales rates, the volume of output, revenues, operational costs, etc. Such interpretation has been rejected several decades ago, because it became evident to both scholars and management that performance also encompasses qualitative information. More importantly, performance management has become more customer-oriented. In particular, while assessing the company’s performance, modern managers focus not only on revenues and costs, they also include such data as the number of acquired and lost customers, and the reasons why clients customers decide to use th e company’s goods and service (Singh, 2004, p 25). Therefore, it is quite possible to argue that customer retention is one of those measurements, according to which the performance of an enterprise is assessed nowadays. In addition, performance evaluation includes such a parameter as the level of customer satisfaction (Singh, 2004, p 25).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Report on Value Chain Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Thus, the duty of performance managers is not only to increase the profitability of the enterprise, but also to make internal operations within the firm more convenient or appealing to the customer. Namely, they focus on such issues as speed or confidentiality as they are very important value-adding elements. This is why leading corporations regularly conduct customer polls in order to find out which properties of the products and services require improvement. It should als o be mentioned that both performance and quality measurement have been strongly affected by the business process perspective; this means that while evaluating the quantitative and qualitative aspects of performance, modern managers usually single out very specific tasks or activities such as procurement, transportation, manufacturing, marketing, sales, and so forth. They view the functioning of the enterprise not as a whole, but as a set of related activities. The major advantage of this approach is that it enables the managers to identify those elements or processes, which should be optimized, redesigned or eliminated in order to reduce operational costs or to increase the level of customer satisfaction (Doumeingts Brown, 1997). In the majority of cases, performance management only supports value chain, because the customer is not directly affected by the company’s internal policies since he/she is primarily concerned with the quality of the product. However, the role of pe rformance management becomes conspicuous, when we are referring to the service industry. Quality management and Performance Management Products Quality management consists of the series of activities, which include the monitoring, assessment, and improvement of the quality of products or services (Miltenburg, 2005). It can be traced practically at every element of the value chain chain. At first, we need to analyze inbound logistics, which can be interpreted as procurement of raw materials or components. This issue is of great importance to the representatives of food industry and pharmaceutical companies (Schnoll, 2008, p 64). These companies pay special attention to the selection of suppliers; more importantly, they continuously ensure that their suppliers always meet the highest quality standards, set by the industry. In part, such attitude can be explained by the willingness to create a perceived value for the customers, yet, one should not forget that these enterprises may also face a legal action if they begin to procure raw materials from law quality suppliers. This argument is particularly relevant when we are speaking about pharmaceutical companies (Schnoll, 2008). Similar situation can be observed in automotive industry, for instance, Ford Motor Company prefers to merge with its suppliers in order to better control quality (Shah, 2009, p 6).Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These examples indicate that inbound logistics can become an element of value chain only the company establishes certain quality standards, which has to be met, and ensures their suppliers are actually willing to do it. We can also refer to such elements of value chain as operations and outbound logistics, in other words, the manufacturing process and delivery to the customer. At this stage, quality management plays the most crucial role for every company, irrespective of its specialization. When speaking about manufacturing process and quality management, we can refer to the representatives of various industries, which create the perceived value for their products precisely at this stage, for example IT industry (Hewlett Packard, Apple, Adobe, etc), automotive industry (Toyota, General Motors, Ford), textile and fashion industry like Kelvin Klein. Among numerous quality management techniques, it is possible to single out the so-called quality circles (Dahlgaard, Kristensen Kanji, 2005). The main advantage of this method is the wide range of its applicability. The essence of this technique lies in the following: the company organizes groups of volunteers, whose task is to detect, analyze and avert the problems, connected with manufacturing process. These groups of volunteers usually consist of the company’s employees, working for the company for a long time and know every peculiarity of the manufacturing process (Dahlgaard, Kristensen Kanji, 2005, p 74). Usually, every department or business unit has such quality circle, and by sharing information with one another, the representatives of these quality circles are able to improve the business processes within the company and raise the quality of the product. The most important thing, which must not be overlooked is that both value chain and quality management have been strongly affected by customer perspective. This means that the companies try to view their products from clients’ point of view in order to find out which properties are of the greatest value for the consumer; it may be the user-friendliness, functionality, design, and so forth. One of the most widespread methods is the so-called Kansei engineering. Its major objective is to identify the customer’ expectations and translate them into certain technical features (Nagamachi Lokman, 2010). On the basis of this analysis, they set quality standards and develop the strategies of quality management. Furthermore, one should not overlook the importance of post-sales services as the final element of value chain. As a matter of fact, a great number of customers view it as the most important component. They evaluate the quality and scope of post-sales services prior to making any purchasing decision. Therefore, the management of modern companies pays attention to the qualitative characteristics of any service, namely, timing, competence, responsiveness, and politeness (Parasuraman, Zeithaml and Berry, 1985 p 48). These are the key characteristics to which both managers and scholars attach importance. One of the most difficult challenges, faced by the providers of goods and services is the identification of those qualitative elements that add real and perceived value to the product. In order to do it, the company has to carry out a great number of customer surveys. This approach enables them to better describe the clients’ expectation and their decision-making. In this section, we have examined the qualitative aspects of value chain. Yet, one should not underestimate the importance of performance management. Performance management is based on the idea that value chain can be decomposed into a set of distinct processes, namely, sales, procurement, production, distribution, etc (Ijioui, Emmerich, Ceyp, 2007, p 119). Thus, the managers can develop strategies that would enable them to reduce the number of operations needed for the creation of value chain. Furthermore, they are able to eli minate costs, associated the value chain creation. Currently, a great number of enterprises have adopted this approach; perhaps, the most eloquent example is chemistry industry (Ijioui, Emmerich, Ceyp, 2007, p 128). The majority of these companies use ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) systems in effort to monitor the key business processes, inventory, costs, customer orders, production processes. The key task of the manager is to increase the speed of operations, and to reduce the production costs, while retaining the quality of the product. Service industry and value chain Many scholars and managers have long debated the applicability of Porter’s value chain to the service industry. The thing is that this model was designed for the needs of those enterprises that manufactured some tangible goods: cars, clothing, medication, computers and so forth but not services like healthcare, finance, hospitality industry and so forth. Thus, one of the most difficult questions was how i t could be adopted by the representatives of service industry such as airline companies, banking institutions, hotels, restaurants, and so forth. The problem was that such activities as inbound logistics or post-sale services, which are the basic elements of Porter’s value chain, do not correspond to the activities of these service businesses (Hollenson, 2007, p 27). In this paper, we can refer to the model, proposed by Professor Elisante Gabriel (n.d). According to him, the value chain of service industry has to comprise the following components: The design of service: at this stage, the management identifies the needs of the customer, develops the strategies of addressing the needs and sets the pricing policies; Knowledge management: it has to perform two functions, namely to increase the company’s knowledge about the customers and two raise the clients’ awareness about the company; Delivery management, which aims to make the service both affordable and acces sible to the customer; Moment of truth: the actual point, when the service is being delivered to the customer. Service competition (Gabriel, n. d., p 20). We have discussed this model because it can better explain for us the tasks of quality and performance management. This framework is by no means universal, but it can act as the stepping-stone for those managers, who work in the service industry. First, one has to know which elements of the value chain have to be monitored and what the qualitative and quantitative aspects are, and, more importantly, how they should be measured. In the previous section of this report, we have pointed out those qualitative characteristics, which add value to the service: competence, credibility, reliability, responsiveness, security, privacy, accessibility, courtesy etc (Parasuraman, Zeithaml and Berry, 1985 p 48). Under the circumstances, the main responsibility of a quality manager is to make sure the services meet the standards, set by customers . It should be borne in mind that many providers of services spend much effort to examining customer perceptions of their services. Overall, customer survey is considered to be the reliable or valid tool for the evaluation of services. In contrast, performance managers, specializing in service industry, tend to focus on slightly different parameters. They attempt to simplify the functioning of the company so that to make it more convenient for the client, for example, they may introduce information technologies in order to eliminate certain operations (Doumeingts Brown, 1997). One of the most common examples is the development of websites through which clients can purchase airline tickets or reserve rooms in the hotel. On the one hand, this change aims to reduce operational costs, while on the other, it strives to make the service more accessible to the customer and ultimately increase its real and perceived value. Thus, in the case of service industry, the role of performance mana gement is greater importance to the customer, and it directly affects his/her perception of the company. This feature distinguishes service companies from the manufacturers of products. One should take it into consideration that there is no universal value chain model that could be used by each representative of the service industry. More likely, this model has to be designed on an individual basis. The framework, proposed in this paper should be regarded only as the starting point for the managers. Discussion These findings indicate that the majority of modern organizations have become customer-driven and that many business processes within the firms are now oriented toward the creation of the products’ real and perceived value. The model of value chain, proposed by Michael Porter should not be regarded as the ultimate guideline for top-managers, because in many cases, it can be of little use, especially if we are speaking about the service sector. Still, it gives a good ide a of how the customers view the products and services and how the construct value. The work of quality and performance managers is based on the analysis of these perceptions, because in this way they can establish the standards of quality and assess the performance of the employees. One of the examples, which we have discussed in the previous section, is Kansei engineering which relies on the premise customer perceptions and expectations can be translated into technical specifications. Thus, we can argue that one of the greatest difficulties, encountered by modern enterprises is the inability to understand customers’ perceptions of the product or service. The thing is that in order to map out quality management policies, one should primarily define and list those qualitative characteristics of the product or service, which are of the highest value to the customer. Furthermore, one should not forget that value chain is a set of distinct operations, which can be either accelera ted or optimized, while others can be eliminated at all. This is the domain of performance managers, who have to analyze these operations, simplify them, and make them more cost-efficient and attractive to the client. Only in this case, the concept of value chain can avail the company. References Brotherton B. 2003. The International hospitality industry: structure, characteristics and issues. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. Dahlgaard. J. Kristensen K. Kanji. G. 2005 Fundamentals of Total Quality Management: Process Analysis and Improvement. London: Routledge. Doumeingts. G. Brown J. 1997. Modelling techniques for business process re-engineering and benchmarking. NY: Springer. Gabriel E. (n.d) Value Chain for Services: A New Dimension of Porter’s Value Chain. Web. Graph. M. 2001. Product strategy for high technology companies: accelerating your business to web speed. NY: McGraw-Hill Professional. Ijioui R, Emmerich H, Ceyp M. 2007. Strategies and tactics in supply chain eve nt management. NY: Springer. Hollensen S. 2007. Global marketing: a decision-oriented approach. NY: Pearson Education. Miltenburg. J. 2005. Manufacturing strategy: how to formulate and implement a winning plan. Productivity Press. Nagamachi. M. Lokman A. 2010. Innovations of Kansei Engineering. CRC Press Parasuraman.A. Zeithaml V. and Berry. A (1985) Conceptual Model of Service Quality and Its Implications for Future Research. Journal of Marketing. P 41- 50. Porter M. 1998 Competitive advantage: creating and sustaining superior performance: with a new introduction. NY: Simon and Schuster. Schnoll,  L..  2008.  Ensuring Supplier Quality.  Quality Progress  41,  no.  8,  (August  1):  64-66. Singh. S. 2004. Market orientation, corporate culture and business performance. NJ: Ashgate Publishing. Shah. J. 2009. Supply Chain Management: Text and Cases. Pearson Education. This report on Report on Value Chain Management was written and submitted by user Marcos Lynch to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

System Design for Riordan Manufacturing Human Resources Department Essay Example

System Design for Riordan Manufacturing Human Resources Department Essay Example System Design for Riordan Manufacturing Human Resources Department Essay System Design for Riordan Manufacturing Human Resources Department Essay Essay Topic: Claim Of Fact The Namesake Introduction In the previous section of this service request system solution proposal, we cited Riordan Manufacturing current position in the global plastics manufacturing market as an existing world leader, that has every intent to maintain that namesake by continuing to develop its technology both o the production line as well as behind the scenes where it supports those individuals that work hard every day to keep Riordan Manufacturing in the upper echelon, elite class of global business that are providing for the world’s needs in mass quantities on a daily basis. Riordan Manufacturing started out as a small, licensing Dr Riodan’s patents, but it has grown into a strong corporation that employs over 500 professionals in its offices located in Albany, Georgia, Pontiac Michigan, San Jose, California and it’s international office located in Hangzhou, China. The company’s growth over the last two decades and its resulting assets are considerable. For example, the companies assets are valued at over $1 billion. After receiving a service request from Hugh McCauley, the corporate operations officer for Riordan Manufacturing, who expressed a desire to enhance the level of technology used at Riordan Manufacturing, wanted our company to analyze Riordan Manufacturing’s current human resources technology in-place in that department and consolidate the array of applications they currently use into a single, integrated system that will serve their functional needs and introduce their employees to the latest technology. Our team understands Riordan Manufacturing’s need for new technology and their desire to expose their personnel to the latest, cutting-edge methods available to members of the human resources management environment, so that those same tools and methods may be exposed to their human resources personnel and exploited in every imaginable way to make Riordan Manufacturing more productive by giving their employees an enhanced sense of peace of mind by managing their employment-related issues more quickly, thoroughly and effectively through the implementation and subsequent application of cutting-edge technology. Riordan Manufacturing is quite aware that keeping pace with the changes of the global marketplace and the increasing demands created by a growing population can only be realistically met by investing heavily in technology, not just in the manufacturing plants and on the assembly lines, but also in the areas of logistical support, such as the human resources department. Application Architecture The current system being used in the human resources department of Riordan Manufacturing is marginally capable of handling the information management needs of the company. The first step in designing a completely new system is to upgrade the HRIS software they currently have installed. Recycling their current system will save considerable financial resources. As well, there will not be a need to purchase a completely new application, so training requirements will also be minimized. We must also keep in mind during the design of the new information system, that per the service request, SR-rm-004, Riordan Manufacturing explicitly expressed the desire to keep their current application but wants to integrate everything into a consolidated, unified system, â€Å" Analyze the HR system to integrate the existing variety of tools in use today into a single integrated application. †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Riordan, 2011). Nonetheless, there will still be a need for some measure of training. Since the current HRIS will be upgraded to the latest version its likely that there will be some issues with familiarity of the enhanced version of the HRIS application. Also, since there were various instances of data management being accomplished on separate computer systems using an assortment of different applications, such as Microsoft Excel, there is a fairly good chance that all of the capabilities of the HRIS application were not being utilized in the first place. Consequently, we expect a need for proficiency training for the current staff. That training should cover both the basic functionality of HRIS as well as the advanced concepts in order to maximize Riordan Manufacturings investment in the human resources application. The architecture of the final solution system will be a single HRIS application that will provide specialized interfaces for several groups of users. There will be one type of interface configured especially for the Riordan Manufacturing human resources administrative staff working directly in that department. There will be another interface designed for the Riordan Manufacturing employees that do not work in the human resources department. There will be an interface for the personnel working in Hangzhou and finally, there will be an interface for the off-site contractor handling the Workers’ Compensation claims and benefits. Despite the fact that all of the interfaces access the same database, the interface configuration for each group of users differs in terms of data accessibility and language support. The human resources administrative staff needs access to all of the records for each employee. Additionally, the human resources staff needs to be able to store, manipulate and generate reports from the collateral data indirectly related to employment records, such as job classifications, policies and procedures, Equal Employment Opportunity data, personal employee files, promotions, benefits tracking and accounting data, organizational relationships and hierarchies, employee handbook data, specific communications, tax data and other various data types and classifications of data that bear some direct or indirect relationship to employment condition. So, all employee-related information is kept in a single, consolidated database, which is accessible by the appropriate personnel or contractors. Furthermore, to describe the system architecture more specifically, read and write data access is dependent on the job title or business role of data requester. Security Controls There should exist two distinct security and control infrastructures. Norton AntiVirus 2011 will be installed on all systems company-wide. It has a proven track record of thorough, reliable virus protection, while minimizing the demand on system resources. It was also selected by professional reviewers over all other market competitors, â€Å" Reviewers say Norton Anti-Virus 2011 is the best antivirus software currently available. It gets top marks from experts, †¦ a Gold award from AV-Comparatives. org Norton earns excellent marks for removing malware and spyware is much less of a resource hog than it was in previous years. Installation is fast and easy, and the interface is easier to navigate. Experts note little impact on system performance and say the software runs unobtrusively in the background without disrupting programs or applications ConsumerSearch (2011) Process Design Instead of using seperate applications or paper forms (which can be damaged or lost), personal information will be entered directly into the database by the employees. the interfaces will be modified so that data types are monitored by the HRIS application to ensure that meaningless information is not entered in the database inadvertently. Also each use r will be required to login to the system so the application know which interface to display on the users’ computer display. The login identification control algorithm will interpret the classification of the user during login and the associated interface will control the language and the access rights of the user accordingly. So, for example, if an employee that normally works in China has temporarily been assigned to work in the Pontiac, Michigan office and needs to make an adjustment to his employee information because his wife gave birth while he was away, he could login to the HRIS system in Michigan and the interface would give him the appropriate data privileges and will display all of the information in Chinese. The HRIS database will now act as the central repository for all human resources-related information and will consolidate data from all personnel in all offices throughout the corporation, including the contractors’ office that manages the Workers’ Compensation benefits. References Riordan Manufacturing, Service Request SR-rm-004, (2011). ttps://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/VOP/Service%20Requests/RiordanSR/riordanSR004. htm ConsumerSearch (2011) consumersearch. com/antivirus-software Apollo Group. (2003, 2004, 2006). Riordan Manufacturing. Retrieved from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/secure/aapd/cist/vop/Business/Riordan/RioMfgHome002. htm

Egyptian architecture Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Egyptian architecture - Research Paper Example A deep delineation and an in-depth analysis of the structural study of the great pyramids, monuments, temples and tombs remaining along with little domestic structure shall focus considerable light on the pertinent characteristics inherent in the Egyptian architecture. The most potent characteristics of the Egyptian architecture were its consistent nature. With very little scope of variation or alteration, the set designs and forms were repeated in the designs of almost all the periods. As regards to the building materials of the structure, one can notice the use of sun-baked mud bricks and use of plenty of stones specially sandstone, granites and limestone in all the architectures. This was because of scanty availability of wood. The architecture comprises symmetry; walls are generally thick and are generally not broken due to fenestration. The use of rectangular shapes is very prominent in the form of architecture and the walls are highlighted with colorful decorations upholding walls and columns. The visual metaphors are very strong displaying hierarchy and power game prevalent in the society. Motifs of the Egyptian architectural detail comprise Egyptian ornaments of spiral, papyrus and circles. Tomb structures are very common in the Egyptian architecture and the cut temples where various religious ceremonies and rituals were held is their traditional form of building structures commonly found (Arnold 2-203). Egyptians had generally constructed three types of tombs. Among them, Mastabas or the funerary mounds and the Pyramids constructed during the initial period of the 4th dynasty are the iconic symbol of Egypt captivating within them the mummies of the great kings symbolizing eternal power and divinity (Harwood, May and Sherman 1-210). There is no end to the study of the architecture of Egypt, like the mummy of the Tutankhamen or the pyramids, their motif, structure and most importantly use of science and comprehension of geometry at that